Pronation

It is important to understand pronation and the way your foot moves when you run. Some people pronate more or less when they run. Learn about normal pronation, overpronation and underpronation, and how you can prevent injuries in this article published on Runnersworld.com. For more questions, call or visit our studio at 619-756-7500!

 

 

Pronation

Pronation is the inward movement of the foot as it rolls to distribute the force of impact of the ground as you run. The foot “rolls” inward about fifteen percent, comes in complete contact with the ground, and can support your body weight without any problem. Pronation is critical to proper shock absorption, and it helps you push off evenly from the front of the foot.

Although pronation is a natural movement of the foot, the size of the runner’s arch can affect its ability to roll, causing either supination (underpronation) or overpronation. If you have a normal arch, you’re likely a normal pronator, meaning you’ll do best in a stability shoe that offers moderate pronation control. Runners with flat feet normally overpronate, so they do well in a motion-control shoe that controls pronation. High-arched runners typically underpronate, so they do best in a neutral-cushioned shoe that encourages a more natural foot motion.

 

Normal Pronation

IThe outside part of the heel makes initial contact with the ground. The foot “rolls” inward about fifteen percent, comes in complete contact with the ground, and can support your body weight without any problem. The rolling in of the foot optimally distributes the forces of impact. This movement is called “pronation,” and it’s critical to proper shock absorption. At the end of the gait cycle, you push off evenly from the front of the foot.

Runner’s World Video: Normal Pronation

Normal Pronation: What is it?

We show you, in slow motion detail, how to determine if you have this gait pattern.

 

Overpronation

As with the “normal pronation” sequence, the outside of the heel makes the initial ground contact. However, the foot rolls inward more than the ideal fifteen percent, which is called “overpronation.” This means the foot and ankle have problems stabilizing the body, and shock isn’t absorbed as efficiently. At the end of the gait cycle, the front of the foot pushes off the ground using mainly the big toe and second toe, which then must do all the work.
Preventing Overpronation Injuries 
Overpronation causes extra stress and tightness to the muscles, so do a little extra stretching. Too much motion of the foot can cause calluses, bunions, runner’s knee, plantar fasciitis, and Achilles tendinitis.
If you’re an overpronator, here are a few tips to help you find the right shoes for your feet.
  • Wear shoes with straight or semi-curved lasts
  • Look for motion-control or stability shoes with firm, multidensity midsoles and external control features that limit pronation
  • Use over-the-counter orthotics or arch supports

 

Runner’s World Video: Overpronation

Overpronation: What is it?

We show you, in slow motion detail, how to tell if you have this gait pattern.

 

Underpronation (Supination)

Underpronation (or supination) is the insufficient inward roll of the foot after landing. Again, the outside of the heel makes initial contact with the ground. But the inward movement of the foot occurs at less than fifteen percent (i.e., there is less rolling in than for those with normal or flat feet). Consequently, forces of impact are concentrated on a smaller area of the foot (the outside part), and are not distributed as efficiently. In the push-off phase, most of the work is done by the smaller toes on the outside of the foot.
This places extra stress on the foot, which can lead to iliotibial band syndrome, Achilles tendinitis, and plantar fasciitis. Underpronating will cause the outer edge of running shoes to wear sooner. To see if your shoes are unevenly worn, place them on a flat surface. If they tilt outward, supination is the culprit. Runners with high arches and tight Achilles tendons tend to be supinators.
Preventing Underpronation Injuries 
Supinators should do extra stretching for the calves, hamstrings, quads, and iliotibial band. Wearing the right type of running shoes and replacing worn shoes will also help avoid injuries.
If you’re an underpronator, here are a few tips to help you find the right shoes for your feet.
  • Wear shoes with curved lasts to allow pronation
  • Look for lightweight trainers as they allow more foot motion
  • Check for flexibility on the medial (inner) side of the shoe

Chiropractor vs. Physical Therapy: Effective for the Back

Learn the difference between chiropractic and physical therapy treatments, and their effects for back problems. This article is from LIVESTRONG.com and written by Jessica McCahon. For more questions call our studio at 69-756-7500!

Chiropractor vs. Physical Therapy: Effective for the Back
Photo Credit BananaStock/BananaStock/Getty Images
Physical therapy and chiropractic sessions both treat back pain without drugs or surgery. 

Chiropractic sessions and physical therapy are two different ways you can treat back pain, but they essentially have the same end goal: to alleviate tension and nerve compression and restore mobility without drugs or surgery. Chiropractic treatment involves a trained practitioner manipulating your spine and surrounding muscles, while physical therapy involves a trained practitioner designing a program of exercises and assisting you in certain movements and massage techniques to relieve pain and restore strength and mobility. How effective each of these treatments is depends on the type of injury you have and your unique response to the therapy.

Chiropractic Adjustments

A common cause of back pain is a slipped, or subluxed, disc which can pinch the nerves in your spinal column. Chiropractic treatment involves the practitioner manipulating the slipped disc or pinched nerve back into its correct position with force and speed, says Steven G. Yeomans, DC, on the spine-health website. At the point where the tension is released, you may hear a cracking sound as gas is released from the pressure-filled joint. For this treatment to be fully effective, you need to be very relaxed, so your practitioner may massage or apply ice to the affected area before performing the adjustment.

Chiropractic Benefits and Side Effects

After just one chiropractic session you may feel reduced pain in your back and be able to move more freely, says Yeomans. This tension release can also ease compression of blood vessels and, therefore, improve the circulation of nutrient-rich blood to the injured area. It is common for the manipulated part of your back to feel sore for about 24 hours after a chiropractic adjustment, but applying ice to the treated area usually reduces these symptoms.

Physical Therapy Treatment

This type of treatment for a back injury can involve a range of techniques including heat therapy, ultrasound, massage, mobilization and exercise, says the Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma website. In particular, your therapist is likely to focus on strengthening and stretching the muscles and connective tissues around the affected area to improve posture and support and enhance flexibility and movement. As a result of this program, you should experience reduced pain and tension.

Physical Therapy Benefits and Side Effects

According to Dana L. Davis, MPT, on the spineuniverse website, physical therapy focuses on gradual recovery and maintaining the results. So, while the effects may not be felt as quickly as those of a chiropractic session, you may learn techniques that mean you can continue with treatment in the long term on your own. The time it takes to start feeling the benefits of physical therapy is different for every person and the type of injury you have, but Davis says two weeks is the average time it takes to notice a difference. No matter what your situation is, patience and a commitment to performing the prescribed exercises is essential for physical therapy success.

Why Your Muscles Shake During a Hard Workout

If you think you may be straining yourself during a workout, take a look at this article by Jay Cardiello. Then come see us at San Diego Sports Physical Therapy to get your work outs under control.

Pushing yourself during a workout is never a bad thing, and going so hard that your muscles start to shake is certainly a sign that you’re at your max—but your body may also be trying to tell you something. While many people pass this off as a simple sign that they’re out of shape and a majority of my fitness colleagues would agree that this trembling is not a great cause for concern, it could also lead to injury if you’re not careful to use proper form.

Let’s explore why your muscles may quiver during a barre class, Pilates, strength workout, or other type of exercise—and what to do about it.

1. Inadequate sleep. If you are heading into a cardio or strength training session feeling lethargic or lacking a good night’s rest, you will probably experience tremors at some point in your routine. [Tweet this fact!] The body continues to grow and heal when you get the proper amount of sleep. Disrupting this can cause your muscles to stay in a catabolic-like state. If you’ve been skimping on sleep, I recommend you skip the gym and stay in bed (if you work out in the morning) or head to bed (if you’re a p.m. exerciser).

2. Going to extremes. With fitness crazes like CrossFit and endurance events like Tough Mudder becoming the staple in mainstream fitness, people are really pushing themselves to the extremes these days. However, take caution and implement mandatory rest days into your fitness routine. Check out my last blog for the proper way to rest so you can keep up a sustainable workout routine and stop the shakes.

3. Too new, too much, too soon. If you try a new fitness class or jump into a new routine, at some point during your workouts you may feel your body start to wobble because working different muscles than you’re used to may be too much, too soon. While it may not be a cause for great alarm, it’s probably best to lighten up. You could place stress on other parts of your body in order to compensate for weaker muscles, which may cause injury. For example, if it’s your first time performing burpees, by the fourth or fifth one your legs may start to shake. Instead of resting, you decide to continue but with bad form, which can strain your lower back. Bad idea.

4. Dehydration. Your workout can be one of the best indicators of whether or not you are hydrated. When your body is low on water, your muscles and connective tissues have difficulty performing what they are meant to do, as improper hydration can cause an imbalance of your electrolytes, which are involved in muscle contraction. [Tweet this fact!] I recommend drinking half of your body weight in ounces daily. Remember, if you’re thirsty, you’re dehydrated.